Za'atar: Ancient Levantine Spice Mix

By Lisa Chang · October 15, 2026

What Is Za'atar?

Za'atar is both a spice blend and a wild herb. The blend typically combines dried thyme (or a mix of thyme, oregano, and marjoram), toasted sesame seeds, sumac, and salt. It is one of the oldest spice mixtures in the Middle East.

Ancient History

Archaeological evidence suggests za'atar-type herbs were used in ancient Egypt for embalming. References in the Bible and Talmud point to its use as a purification herb. The blend has been a staple in Levantine cuisine for over 2,000 years.

Regional Variations

Lebanese: lighter on sumac, more herbs
Palestinian: heavy on sumac, tangier
Syrian: sometimes includes cumin
Jordanian: often has more sesame
Israeli: may include hyssop (za'atar herb)

Everyday Uses

The most common way to eat za'atar is with olive oil and bread. Dip bread in olive oil, then in za'atar. It's also sprinkled on labneh, mixed into hummus, or used as a rub for chicken before roasting.

Health Traditions

In Levantine folk medicine, za'atar is believed to strengthen the mind and body. Children were traditionally given za'atar for breakfast before exams. Modern research confirms that thyme contains powerful antioxidants.